Emerging Use of Therapeutic Hypothermia for Neonatal Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy

Objective: Several clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of hypothermia in neonates with encephalopathy have shown significant reduction in death and disability at 18-month follow-up. We sought to: 1) evaluate how the use of hypothermia for neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is changing in U.S. clinical practice, 2) determine which methods and devices for delivering hypothermia are being used, and 3) evaluate any differences in the course and outcomes of neonates treated with whole body cooling compared with head cooling. Study design: The study comprised a descriptive review of neonates from a network of 330 neonatal intensive care units, reported to the Pediatrix Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW). Multivariable logistic regression was used to calculate the adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for variables associated with an increased risk for